Strategia / 5.17.2 / by violetstrawberry / 71.00M

Strategia / v00.49.07 / by Brave Beginners / 660.88M

Strategia / 1.1.5 / 78.30M

Strategia / 1.0.0 / by iCandy Games / 105.00M

Strategia / 2.7.7b1 / 124.44M

Strategia / 4.0.0.0 / 724.31M

Strategia / 2.5 / 76.50M

Strategia / 1.4.1 / 98.47M

Strategia / v3.5.9 / by Enfeel Inc / 135.00M

Strategia / 1.250.530 / 1040.00M

Strategia / 1.0 / by Onotion / 32.00M

Strategia / 1.85 / 60.85M

Strategia / 1.4 / by TeeToo / 37.35M

Strategia / 1.30.14 / 89.56M

Strategia / 1.5 / 65.00M